一般认为,辛亥革命的直接原因是清末宪政的失败。因此,追溯清末宪政,便是思考辛亥革命的起点。光绪二十六年十二月初十(1901年1月29日),清廷发布《变法上谕》,承戊戌维新之旨,启动清末新政,进而发展成为清末立宪运动。这是一场典型的绅士宪政主义运动:康有为、梁启超等人鼓动于海外;张謇等绅商活跃于地方,与地方督抚密切往来,基层绅士积极投入地方政治构建;宗室、大臣游说、辩难于朝廷。朝野官、绅大体具有立宪共识,分工合作,甚至孙中山等革命党人的活动对立宪运动也起到推波助澜的建设性作用。不数年,中国即巍然为东方之宪政国家矣。本刊系列文章即欲还原这一大转型的过程,以表达我们对百年前立宪先贤的敬意。不同的作者在叙述和态度上有相当的差异,但总体上还原了这个大过程,而这些差异也恰恰是对这一过程复杂性的一种反映。
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